Steel having a carbon content of up to 2.1 percent by weight is known as carbon steel. The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) defines carbon steel as “steel in which no minimum content of chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, or zirconium, or any other element to be added to obtain a desired alloying effect, is specified or required; the specified minimum for copper does not exceed 0.40 percent, or the maximum content specified for any of the following elements does not exceed 0.40 percent Manganese is 1.65 parts per million, silicon is 0.60 parts per million, and copper is 0.60 parts per million.
The word carbon steel can also apply to steel that isn’t stainless steel; in this case, carbon steel can also refer to alloys. Steel may get harder and stronger by heat treatment as the carbon percentage concentration increases, but it becomes less ductile. A larger carbon concentration lowers weldability regardless of heat treatment. The melting point of carbon steels decreases as the carbon content increases.
Carbon Steel Pipe can be classified into four categories
- Low carbon steel
- Medium carbon steel
- High carbon steel
- Super High carbon steel
Carbon Steel is a commonly used material that is detailed below.
Low carbon steel
Plain carbon steels have a low alloying element content and a tiny amount of MN. Low carbon steel is the most common and least priced steel grade. It is manufactured in large quantities. Cold working was required to increase the strength since it was not sensitive to heat treatment. Weldability and machinability are excellent. High-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steels include up to 10% wet alloying elements (such as Cu, V, Ni, and Mo). Have greater tensile strength and may be heat treated.
Medium Carbon Steel
Carbon content ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 percent. Heat treatment options include austenitizing, quenching, and tempering. Tempered martensite is the most common form of the material. The hardenability of medium carbon steels is poor. Heat treatment capacity is improved by the inclusion of Cr, Ni, and Mo. Heat-treated alloys are more durable, although they are less ductile. Examples of typical applications Railway wheels and rails, gears, and crankshafts are all examples.
High Carbon Steel
Steels with a high carbon content 0.6 carbon content Hardness and strength are enhanced by a high C content. The hardest and least ductile material. Hardened and tempered steel is used. To make carbides of these metals, alloying elements such as Cr, V, and We are added as alloying elements. Because of its great hardness and wear resistance, it is used as a tool and die steel.
Super High Carbon Steel
Carbon concentration ranges between 1.25 and 2.0 percent. Steels have the ability to be tempered to a high degree of hardness. Knives, axles, and punches for non-industrial applications are all examples. Powder metallurgy is used to make most steels with more than 2.5 percent carbon content.
Applications of Carbon Steel
Boilers, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pipelines, and other moderate-temperature service systems need a high level of strength and ductility to employ carbon steel. Cost, availability, and convenience of manufacture are all important considerations.
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